Sweden
Member country
Energy system of Sweden
Most of Sweden’s greenhouse gas emissions come from the transport sector, which remains reliant on oil. The government has a target to reduce transport emissions by 70% from 2010 to 2030 and is supporting transport decarbonisation through electrification and advanced biofuels. Sweden is also supporting industrial decarbonisation and is home to one of the first major projects for hydrogen-based steel production.
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Policies
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Key recommendations, 2019
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To meet the 2040 target of 100% renewable energy in electricity generation and to become a zero-carbon economy by 2045, give preference to technology-neutral policies and market mechanisms, such as carbon pricing. Review existing tax reductions and exemptions, minimise the number of policies with the same objective and avoid overlaps, closely monitor the outcome of new policies, specifically in the transport sector, and set interim milestones.
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Develop shared vision and pathways to 2045 with academia, industry and civil society to guide the preparation of the Climate Policy Action Plan.
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Continue to develop the Nordic and Baltic electricity markets together with the other involved countries and lead the preparation of coordinated national climate policies with this perspective.
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Analyse the long-term impact of 100% renewable electricity generation in 2040 on the generation adequacy, system resilience and cost-effectiveness of electricity supply. Clarify how to reach that target in a Nordic energy-only electricity market.